METODOLOGI TAFSIR DAN ORIENTASI TEOLOGIS THABĀTHABĀ’Ῑ : STUDI TAFSIR Al-MῙZĀN PADA Q.S. AL-BAQARAH AYAT 124

Abstract

This study examines the tafsir methodology and theological orientation of Allamah Muhammad Husain Thabāṭhabā’ī in interpreting Surah Al-Baqarah verse 124, as presented in his seminal work, Tafsir al-Mīzān. The verse holds a central position in Shi’a theology due to its foundational role in the doctrine of imāmah, which views leadership as a divinely appointed position that encompasses both spiritual and political dimensions. Using a qualitative method and a library research approach, this study analyzes Thabāṭhabā’ī’s application of tafsīr bi al-Qur’ān, linguistic analysis, and theological reasoning. The findings indicate that imāmah is conceived as a divine rank higher than prophethood, reserved only for those who are maʿṣūm (infallible). This interpretation reflects the Shi’a Imamiyyah belief that legitimate leadership must be based on divine designation and spiritual purity. The study concludes that Tafsir al-Mīzān is not only exegetical but also a theological construct that reinforces the centrality of imāmah in Shi’a Islam