A'ISYAH BINT AL-SYATHI DAN AL-TAFSIR AL-BAYANI LI AL-QUR'AN AL-KARIM (TELAAH METODOLOGI, ASBAB AL-NUZUL DAN ESKATOLOGI))

Abstract

     Context analysis plays an important role in understanding revelatory events, because the concept of "revelation" cannot be understood unless you look at the previous context. This indicates that there is a relationship between reality (as context) and the text. One cannot possibly understand by taking the text outside of reality. Therefore, asbab al-nuzul (events that occurred and accompanied the revelation of a verse of the Qur'an) is very necessary to understand a condition. But the context here is broader than asbab al-nuzul, because asbab al-nuzul becomes necessary only to see special events. This assumption about asbab al-nuzul was developed by A'isyah Bint al-Syathi'. According to him, asbab al-nuzul is nothing more than postulates surrounding the text, or external conditions of revelation. Therefore, he emphasizes the universality of meaning rather than the specificity of the condition (al-'ibratu bi'umum al-lafzi la bi specifically al-sabab). He tried to develop a "narrative text theory" that stated that verses were revealed based on specific reasons but were expressed in the form of general pronunciations, so the general pronunciation was used as a guide.

 Keywords: A'isya bint al-Syathi', Asbab Al-Nuzul, Tafsir Al-Bayani